Benzodiazepines list comprises of class of psychoactive drugs that have sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant properties. They are commonly prescribed for the treatment of anxiety disorders, insomnia, seizures, muscle spasms, and alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Pharmacokinetic properties of various benzodiazepines with uses is shown in this article along with names of atypical benzodiazepine receptor ligands.
Some examples of benzodiazepines include diazepam (Valium), lorazepam (Ativan), alprazolam (Xanax), clonazepam (Klonopin), and temazepam (Restoril), among others. These medications work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, which helps to calm down excessive brain activity and reduce anxiety.
These prescribed drugs must only be taken after consultation from the concerned doctor as these drugs may cause some side effects.
Benzodiazepines List with Uses
| Drug Name (Year Approved) | Common Trade Names | Primary Therapeutic Use |
|---|---|---|
| Adinazolam (Research chemical) | Deracyn | anxiolytic, antidepressant |
| Alprazolam (1981) | Xanax, Helex, Xanor, Trankimazin, Onax, Alprox, Misar, Restyl, Solanax, Tafil, Neurol, Frontin, Kalma, Ksalol, Farmapram | anxiolytic, antidepressant |
| Bentazepam | Thiadipona | anxiolytic |
| Bretazenil | anxiolytic, anticonvulsant | |
| Bromazepam (1981) | Lexotanil, Lexotan, Lexilium, Lectopam, Lexaurin, Lexatin, Bromam | anxiolytic, hypnotic, muscle relaxant |
| Bromazolam (Research chemical) | anxiolytic | |
| Brotizolam | Lendormin, Dormex, Sintonal, Noctilan | hypnotic |
| Camazepam | Albego, Limpidon | anxiolytic |
| Chlordiazepoxide (1960) | Librium, Risolid, Elenium | anxiolytic |
| Cinazepam | Levana | hypnotic, anxiolytic |
| Cinolazepam | Gerodorm | hypnotic |
| Clobazam (2011) | Onfi, Frisium, Urbanol | anxiolytic, anticonvulsant |
| Clonazepam (1975) | Rivatril, Rivotril, Klonopin, Iktorivil, Paxam | anticonvulsant, anxiolytic |
| Clonazolam (Research chemical) | hypnotic, anticonvulsant | |
| Clorazepate (1972) | Tranxene, Tranxilium | anxiolytic, anticonvulsant |
| Clotiazepam | Veratran, Clozan, Rize | anxiolytic |
| Cloxazolam | Cloxam, Sepazon, Olcadil | anxiolytic, anticonvulsant |
| Delorazepam | Dadumir | anxiolytic, amnesic |
| Deschloroetizolam (Research chemical) | anxiolytic | |
| Diazepam (1963) | Antenex, Apaurin, Apzepam, Apozepam, Diazepan, Hexalid, Normabel, Pax, Stesolid, Stedon, Tranquirit, Valium, Vival, Valaxona | anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, amnesic |
| Diclazepam (Research chemical) | anxiolytic, muscle relaxant | |
| Estazolam (1990) | ProSom, Nuctalon | hypnotic, anxiolytic |
| Ethyl carfluzepate (Not Approved) | hypnotic | |
| Etizolam (Often sold as a research chemical, but is approved for human use in many countries. Controlled substance in some US states, Canada, Germany, Austria, and others) | Etilaam, Etizest, Pasaden, Depas | anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant |
| Ethyl loflazepate | Victan, Meilax, Ronlax | anxiolytic |
| Flualprazolam (Research chemical) | anxiolytic, hypnotic | |
| Flubromazepam (Research chemical) | Templex | anxiolytic, hypnotic, amnesic, muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant |
| Flubromazolam (Research chemical) | Remnon | hypnotic |
| Fluclotizolam (Research chemical) | anxiolytic | |
| Flunitrazepam (1972) | Rohypnol, Hipnosedon, Vulbegal, Fluscand, Flunipam, Ronal, Rohydorm, Hypnodorm | hypnotic |
| Flunitrazolam (Research chemical) | hypnotic | |
| Flurazepam (1970) | Dalmadorm, Dalmane, Fluzepam | hypnotic |
| Flutazolam | Coreminal | hypnotic |
| Flutemazepam (Research chemical) | hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant | |
| Flutoprazepam (1984) | Restas | hypnotic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant |
| Halazepam (1981) | Alapryl, Paxipam | anxiolytic |
| Ketazolam (1980) | Anxon, Sedotime | anxiolytic |
| Loprazolam (1983) | Dormonoct, Havlane | hypnotic |
| Lorazepam (1971) | Ativan, Orfidal, Lorenin, Lorsilan, Temesta, Tavor, Lorabenz | anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, muscle relaxant |
| Lormetazepam (1984) | Loramet, Noctamid, Pronoctan | hypnotic, anxiolytic |
| Meclonazepam (Research chemical) | anxiolytic | |
| Medazepam | Nobrium, Ansilan, Mezapam, Rudotel, Raporan | anxiolytic |
| Metizolam (Research chemical) | anxiolytic | |
| Mexazolam | Melex, Sedoxil | anxiolytic |
| Midazolam (1985) | Dormicum, Flormidal, Versed, Hypnovel, Dormonid | hypnotic, anticonvulsant |
| Nifoxipam (Research chemical) | hypnotic | |
| Nimetazepam (1984) | Erimin, Lavol | hypnotic |
| Nitemazepam (Research chemical) | hypnotic, anticonvulsant | |
| Nitrazepam (1965) | Mogadon, Alodorm, Pacisyn, Dumolid, Nitrazadon | hypnotic, anticonvulsant |
| Nitrazolam (Research chemical) | hypnotic | |
| Nordazepam (Research chemical) | Madar, Stilny | anxiolytic |
| Norflurazepam (Research chemical) | hypnotic | |
| Oxazepam (1965) | Seresta, Serax, Serenid, Serepax, Sobril, Oxabenz, Oxapax, Oxascand, Ox-Pam, Opamox, Alepam, Medopam, Murelax, Noripam, Purata | anxiolytic |
| Phenazepam (Research Chemical) | Phenazepam, Phenzitat | anxiolytic, anticonvulsant |
| Pinazepam | Domar, Duna | anxiolytic |
| Prazepam (1976) | Demetrin, Lysanxia, Prazene, Centrax | anxiolytic |
| Premazepam (Not Approved) | anxiolytic | |
| Pyrazolam (Research Chemical) | anxiolytic, amnesic | |
| Quazepam (1985) | Doral, Quiedorm | hypnotic |
| Rilmazafone | Rhythmy | hypnotic |
| Temazepam (1981) | Restoril, Normison, Euhypnos, Temaze, Tenox | hypnotic, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant |
| Tetrazepam | Myolastan, Clinoxam, Epsipam, Musaril | muscle relaxant, anxiolytic |
| Triazolam (1980) | Halcion, Rilamir, Notison, Somese | hypnotic |
Atypical Benzodiazepine Receptor Ligands
| Drug Name (Year Approved) | Common Trade Names | Primary Therapeutic Use |
|---|---|---|
| DMCM | anxiogenic, convulsant | |
| Flumazenil | Anexate, Lanexat, Mazicon, Romazicon | antidote |
| Eszopiclone (2004) | Lunesta | hypnotic |
| Zaleplon (1999) | Sonata, Starnoc | hypnotic |
| Zolpidem (1992) | Ambien, Nytamel, Sanval, Stilnoct, Stilnox, Sublinox (Canada), Xolnox, Zoldem, Zolnod | hypnotic |
| Zopiclone | Imovane, Rhovane, Ximovan; Zileze; Zimoclone; Zimovane; Zopitan; Zorclone, Zopiklone | hypnotic |
You can also check list of benzodiazepines in order of strength.
Benzodiazepines Side Effects
Benzodiazepines are typically prescribed for short-term use due to their potential for dependence and abuse. Prolonged or excessive use can lead to tolerance, physical dependence, and withdrawal symptoms when discontinuing the medication. Abruptly stopping benzodiazepines after long-term use can result in withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety, insomnia, irritability, and seizures. Therefore, it is important to gradually taper off the medication under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
When used appropriately and under medical supervision, benzodiazepines can be effective in managing certain conditions. However, it’s important to note that they should be used with caution, and the potential risks and benefits should be carefully considered for each individual. It is always best to consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice and guidance regarding the use of benzodiazepines.
